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C-sections

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"Cesarean section/C-section/Cesarean birth is the surgical delivery of a baby through a cut made in the mother's abdomen and uterus. 

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The cut can be either:

  • vertical (up/down): belly button to pubic section.

  • horizontal (side/side): across pubic section"

Reasons for C-sections:

  • Abnormal fetal heart rate 

  • Abnormal position of fetus during birth

  • Problems with labor

  • Size of the fetus

  • Placenta problems

  • Pre-existing conditions in mother (diabetes, hypertension, HIV) 

  • Active herpes sores in mother's vagina or cervix

  • Twins or other multiples

  • Previous C-section

Reasons for Emergency C-sections

  • Labor stops/not progressing

  • Placenta separates from uterine wall too quickly

  • Umbilical cord pinches

  • Baby in fetal distress 

  • Baby head/body too big to come through birth canal

Possible Risks

  • Reactions to medicines 

  • Bleeding 

  • Abnormal separation from placenta

  • Injury to bladder or bowel

  • Infection in the uterus

  • Wound infection 

  • Trouble urinating or urinary tract infection (UTI)

  • Delayed return of bowel function 

  • Blood clots 

Preparation for C-section

  • Ask for explanation of procedure 

  • Read consent form

  • Prepare for general/spinal/epidural anesthesia by fasting for 8 hours before

  • Inform provider about bleeding disorders (and blood clotting medications)

  • Consider taking medicine for acid management (if provided)

  • Arrange for company after C-section

  • Follow instructions from provider

C-section recovery

  • Treat c-section incision with care

  • Know and look for signs of infection

  • Try different breast-feeding procedures

  • Manage postpartum symptoms

  • Follow up with primary care provider (PCP)

Symptoms that should be alerted to PCP

  • Fever

  • Signs of infection

  • Pain around incision or abdominal area

  • Foul-smelling discharge

  • Pain while peeing/ Trouble pooping

  • Heavy vaginal bleeding

  • Leg pains/swelling/redness of legs

  • Trouble bleeding or chest pains

  • Breast pains

  • Depression

  • Thoughts of self harm or towards your baby

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This site is managed by UCLA's Supporting Mothers Project and was designed with the participants of the project in mind. Funding for this site was made possible by UCLA's Chicano Studies Department, the Bedari Kindness Institute, and the Institute of American Cultures.

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© 2026 by Supporting Mothers Project

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